BST1

BST1
Identifiers
Aliases	BST1, CD157, bone marrow stromal cell antigen 1
External IDs	OMIM: 600387; MGI: 105370; GeneCards: BST1
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	1ISF, 1ISG, 1ISH, 1ISI, 1ISJ, 1ISM
Enzyme activity
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 4 (human)
End	15,738,313 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 5 (mouse)
End	44,001,328 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	monocyte; ; granulocyte; ; bone marrow; ; blood; ; bone marrow cell; ; gonad; ; duodenum; ; gallbladder; ; stromal cell of endometrium; ; trabecular bone;
	Top expressed in
	granulocyte; ; jejunum; ; stroma of bone marrow; ; duodenum; ; ileum; ; yolk sac; ; intestinal villus; ; epithelium of small intestine; ; neural layer of retina; ; blood;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	NAD(P)+ nucleosidase activity; transferase activity; hydrolase activity; NAD+ nucleotidase, cyclic ADP-ribose generating; ADP-ribosyl cyclase activity; cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase; NAD+ nucleosidase activity; phosphorus-oxygen lyase activity;
Cellular component	anchored component of membrane; extracellular exosome; membrane; uropod; extracellular region; integrin complex; extrinsic component of membrane; specific granule membrane; plasma membrane;
Biological process	regulation of cell-matrix adhesion; regulation of cellular extravasation; C-terminal protein lipidation; humoral immune response; signal transduction; positive regulation of cell population proliferation; NAD metabolic process; regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization; neutrophil degranulation; regulation of inflammatory response; regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation; regulation of calcium-mediated signaling; regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis; regulation of superoxide metabolic process; regulation of integrin-mediated signaling pathway; positive regulation of B cell proliferation;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Databases	NCBI: entry; OMA: entry
	683
	12182
	ENSG00000109743
	ENSMUSG00000029082
	Q10588
	Q64277
	NM_004334
	NM_009763
	NP_004325
	NP_033893
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Bst1 (Bone marrow stromal cell antigen 1, ADP-ribosyl cyclase 2, CD157) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the BST1 gene. CD157 is a paralog of CD38, both of which are located on chromosome 4 (4p15) in humans.

Bst1 is a stromal cell line-derived glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored molecule that facilitates pre-B-cell growth. The deduced amino acid sequence exhibits 33% similarity with CD38. BST1 expression is enhanced in bone marrow stromal cell lines derived from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The polyclonal B-cell abnormalities in rheumatoid arthritis may be, at least in part, attributed to BST1 overexpression in the stromal cell population.

CD157 and CD38 are both members of the ADP-ribosyl cyclase family of enzymes that catalyze the formation of nicotinamide and adenosine diphosphate ribose (ADPR) or cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) from NAD+, although CD157 is a much weaker catalyst than CD38. cADPR is required for regulation of Ca²⁺ in cells. Only CD38 hydrolyzed cADPR to ADPR. CD38 is widely expressed in tissues, whereas CD157 is primarily found in gut and lymphoid tissue.

CD157 has an important role in controlling the migration of leukocytes, the adhesion of leukocytes to blood vessel walls, and the passage of leukocytes through blood vessel walls.

CD157 contributes to macrophage killing of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria responsible for tuberculosis.

CD157 is highly expressed in acute myeloid leukemia, and is being evaluated as a diagnostic sign, as a treatment target, and as a means of monitoring treatment progress.

BST1 and BST2 genes are unregulated by the Nicotinamide (NAM) metabolism pathway.

References

1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000109743 – Ensembl, May 2017
1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000029082 – Ensembl, May 2017
↑ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
↑ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
↑ Ferrero E, Lo Buono N, Morone S, Parrotta R (2017). "Human canonical CD157/Bst1 is an alternatively spliced isoform masking a previously unidentified primate-specific exon included in a novel transcript". Scientific Reports. 7 (1) 15923: 159231. Bibcode:2017NatSR...715923F. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-16184-w. PMC 5698419. PMID 29162908.
↑ Kaisho T, Ishikawa J, Oritani K, Inazawa J, Tomizawa H, Muraoka O, Ochi T, Hirano T (Jul 1994). "BST-1, a surface molecule of bone marrow stromal cell lines that facilitates pre-B-cell growth". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 91 (12): 5325–9. Bibcode:1994PNAS...91.5325K. doi:10.1073/pnas.91.12.5325. PMC 43987. PMID 8202488.
1 2 "Entrez Gene: BST1 bone marrow stromal cell antigen 1".
1 2 Quarona V, Zaccarello G, Chillemi A (2013). "CD38 and CD157: a long journey from activation markers to multifunctional molecules". Cytometry Part B. 84 (4): 207–217. doi:10.1002/cyto.b.21092. hdl:2318/134656. PMID 23576305. S2CID 205732787.
↑ Higashida H, Hashii M, Tanaka Y, Matsukawa S (2019). "CD38, CD157, and RAGE as Molecular Determinants for Social Behavior". Cells. 9 (1): 62. doi:10.3390/cells9010062. PMC 7016687. PMID 31881755.
1 2 Malavasi F, Deaglio S, Funaro A, Ferrero E, Horenstein AL, Ortolan E, Vaisitti T, Aydin S (2008). "Evolution and function of the ADP ribosyl cyclase/CD38 gene family in physiology and pathology". Physiological Reviews. 88 (3): 841–886. doi:10.1152/physrev.00035.2007. PMID 18626062.
1 2 3 Rajman L, Chwalek K, Sinclair DA (2018). "Therapeutic Potential of NAD-Boosting Molecules: The In Vivo Evidence". Cell Metabolism. 27 (3): 529–547. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2018.02.011. PMC 6342515. PMID 29514064.
↑ Glaría E, Valled AF (2020). "Roles of CD38 in the Immune Response to Infection". Cells. 9 (1): 228. doi:10.3390/cells9010228. PMC 7017097. PMID 31963337.
↑ Yakymiv Y, Augeri S, Fissolo G, Peola S (2019). "CD157: From Myeloid Cell Differentiation Marker to Therapeutic Target in Acute Myeloid Leukemi". Cells. 8 (12): 1580. doi:10.3390/cells8121580. PMC 6952987. PMID 31817547.
↑ Jung J, Kim LJ, Wang X, Wu Q, Sanvoranart T, Hubert CG, Prager BC, Wallace LC, Jin X, Mack SC, Rich JN (May 2017). "Nicotinamide metabolism regulates glioblastoma stem cell maintenance". JCI Insight. 2 (10). doi:10.1172/jci.insight.90019. PMC 5436539. PMID 28515364.

External links

Human BST1 genome location and BST1 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.
Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: Q10588 (Human ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 2) at the PDBe-KB.

Ortolan E, Vacca P, Capobianco A, et al. (2003). "CD157, the Janus of CD38 but with a unique personality". Cell Biochem. Funct. 20 (4): 309–22. doi:10.1002/cbf.978. PMID 12415565. S2CID 23453325.
Lee BO, Ishihara K, Denno K, et al. (1996). "Elevated levels of the soluble form of bone marrow stromal cell antigen 1 in the sera of patients with severe rheumatoid arthritis". Arthritis Rheum. 39 (4): 629–37. doi:10.1002/art.1780390414. PMID 8630113.
Kajimoto Y, Miyagawa J, Ishihara K, et al. (1996). "Pancreatic islet cells express BST-1, a CD38-like surface molecule having ADP-ribosyl cyclase activity". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 219 (3): 941–6. Bibcode:1996BBRC..219..941K. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1996.0327. PMID 8645283.
Okuyama Y, Ishihara K, Kimura N, et al. (1997). "Human BST-1 expressed on myeloid cells functions as a receptor molecule". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 228 (3): 838–45. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1996.1741. PMID 8941363.
Muraoka O, Tanaka H, Itoh M, et al. (1997). "Genomic structure of human BST-1". Immunol. Lett. 54 (1): 1–4. doi:10.1016/S0165-2478(96)02633-8. PMID 9030974.
Wimazal F, Ghannadan M, Müller MR, et al. (2000). "Expression of homing receptors and related molecules on human mast cells and basophils: a comparative analysis using multi-color flow cytometry and toluidine blue/immunofluorescence staining techniques". Tissue Antigens. 54 (5): 499–507. doi:10.1034/j.1399-0039.1999.540507.x. PMID 10599889.
Yamamoto-Katayama S, Sato A, Ariyoshi M, et al. (2001). "Site-directed removal of N-glycosylation sites in BST-1/CD157: effects on molecular and functional heterogeneity". Biochem. J. 357 (Pt 2): 385–92. doi:10.1042/0264-6021:3570385. PMC 1221964. PMID 11439087.
Liang F, Qi RZ, Chang CF (2001). "Signalling of GPI-anchored CD157 via focal adhesion kinase in MCA102 fibroblasts". FEBS Lett. 506 (3): 207–10. Bibcode:2001FEBSL.506..207L. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(01)02912-X. PMID 11602246. S2CID 34408861.
Yamamoto-Katayama S, Ariyoshi M, Ishihara K, et al. (2002). "Crystallographic studies on human BST-1/CD157 with ADP-ribosyl cyclase and NAD glycohydrolase activities". J. Mol. Biol. 316 (3): 711–23. doi:10.1006/jmbi.2001.5386. PMID 11866528.
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
Funaro A, Ortolan E, Ferranti B, et al. (2005). "CD157 is an important mediator of neutrophil adhesion and migration". Blood. 104 (13): 4269–78. doi:10.1182/blood-2004-06-2129. PMID 15328157. S2CID 12053010.
Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
Hillier LW, Graves TA, Fulton RS, et al. (2005). "Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4". Nature. 434 (7034): 724–31. Bibcode:2005Natur.434..724H. doi:10.1038/nature03466. PMID 15815621.
Liu T, Qian WJ, Gritsenko MA, et al. (2006). "Human plasma N-glycoproteome analysis by immunoaffinity subtraction, hydrazide chemistry, and mass spectrometry". J. Proteome Res. 4 (6): 2070–80. doi:10.1021/pr0502065. PMC 1850943. PMID 16335952.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

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[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000109743 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] 1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000029082 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid29162908-5] Ferrero E, Lo Buono N, Morone S, Parrotta R (2017). "Human canonical CD157/Bst1 is an alternatively spliced isoform masking a previously unidentified primate-specific exon included in a novel transcript". Scientific Reports. 7 (1) 15923: 159231. Bibcode:2017NatSR...715923F. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-16184-w. PMC 5698419. PMID 29162908.

[pmid8202488-6] Kaisho T, Ishikawa J, Oritani K, Inazawa J, Tomizawa H, Muraoka O, Ochi T, Hirano T (Jul 1994). "BST-1, a surface molecule of bone marrow stromal cell lines that facilitates pre-B-cell growth". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 91 (12): 5325–9. Bibcode:1994PNAS...91.5325K. doi:10.1073/pnas.91.12.5325. PMC 43987. PMID 8202488.

[entrez-7] 1 2 "Entrez Gene: BST1 bone marrow stromal cell antigen 1".

[pmid23576305-8] 1 2 Quarona V, Zaccarello G, Chillemi A (2013). "CD38 and CD157: a long journey from activation markers to multifunctional molecules". Cytometry Part B. 84 (4): 207–217. doi:10.1002/cyto.b.21092. hdl:2318/134656. PMID 23576305. S2CID 205732787.

[pmid31881755-9] Higashida H, Hashii M, Tanaka Y, Matsukawa S (2019). "CD38, CD157, and RAGE as Molecular Determinants for Social Behavior". Cells. 9 (1): 62. doi:10.3390/cells9010062. PMC 7016687. PMID 31881755.

[pmid18626062-10] 1 2 Malavasi F, Deaglio S, Funaro A, Ferrero E, Horenstein AL, Ortolan E, Vaisitti T, Aydin S (2008). "Evolution and function of the ADP ribosyl cyclase/CD38 gene family in physiology and pathology". Physiological Reviews. 88 (3): 841–886. doi:10.1152/physrev.00035.2007. PMID 18626062.

[pmid29514064-11] 1 2 3 Rajman L, Chwalek K, Sinclair DA (2018). "Therapeutic Potential of NAD-Boosting Molecules: The In Vivo Evidence". Cell Metabolism. 27 (3): 529–547. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2018.02.011. PMC 6342515. PMID 29514064.

[pmid31963337-12] Glaría E, Valled AF (2020). "Roles of CD38 in the Immune Response to Infection". Cells. 9 (1): 228. doi:10.3390/cells9010228. PMC 7017097. PMID 31963337.

[pmid31817547-13] Yakymiv Y, Augeri S, Fissolo G, Peola S (2019). "CD157: From Myeloid Cell Differentiation Marker to Therapeutic Target in Acute Myeloid Leukemi". Cells. 8 (12): 1580. doi:10.3390/cells8121580. PMC 6952987. PMID 31817547.

[pmid28515364-14] Jung J, Kim LJ, Wang X, Wu Q, Sanvoranart T, Hubert CG, Prager BC, Wallace LC, Jin X, Mack SC, Rich JN (May 2017). "Nicotinamide metabolism regulates glioblastoma stem cell maintenance". JCI Insight. 2 (10). doi:10.1172/jci.insight.90019. PMC 5436539. PMID 28515364.

v t e Proteins: clusters of differentiation (see also list of human clusters of differentiation)
1–50	1 a-c 1A 1B 1D 1E 2 3 γ δ ε 4 5 6 7 8 a 9 10 11 a b c d 13 14 15 16 A B 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 A B 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 a b c d 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 a b c d e f 50
51–100	51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 61 62 E L P 63 64 A B C 66 a b c d e f 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 78 79 a b 80 81 82 83 84 85 a d e h j k 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100
101–150	101 102 103 104 105 106 107 a b 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 a b 121 a b 122 123 124 125 126 127 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 140b 141 142 143 144 146 147 148 150
151–200	151 152 153 154 155 156 a b c 157 158 (a d e i k) 159 a c 160 161 162 163 164 166 167 a b 168 169 170 171 172 a b g 174 177 178 179 a b 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 w198 w199 200
201–250	201 202b 204 205 206 207 208 209 w210 a b 212 213a 1 2 217 218 (a b) 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 233 234 235 a b 236 238 239 240CE 240D 241 243 244 246 247 248 249
251–300	252 253 254 256 257 258 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 271 272 273 274 275 276 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 286 288 289 290 292 w293 294 295 297 298 299
301–350	300A 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 309 312 314 315 316 317 318 320 321 322 324 325 326 327 328 329 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 344 349 350
351–371	351 352 353 354 355 357 358 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371
Category Commons

BST1

See also

References

External links

Further reading